Key
Concepts and Vocabulary
•
Autonomy – The right of an individual to make knowledgeable
decisions for themselves without coercion.
• Veracity-Truthfulness
• Beneficence – To provide benefit;
enhance quality of life
• Non-maleficence – To do no harm
• Distributive justice (Fair opportunity)
– The fair and equal distribution of resources in society.
• Altruism – Acting solely for the
benefit of others
• Compassion—having sympathy for
others’ suffereing with a desire to alleviate that suffering.
• Informed Cosnent—To consent to
a medical intervention after fully understanding the problem,
procedure, risks and benefits of the procedure and alternative
treatments.
• The Right to Privacy – The right
of an individual not to be touched, observed or imposed upon
• Fidelity—To keep promises, fulfill
agreements and/or fiduciary obligations.
Vocabulary
AI
(Artificial Insemination) - The placement of sperm within the
female reproductive tract by a method other than sexual intercourse
AID – Artificial insemination with a donor
other than the husband.
AIH – Artificial insemination by the husband.
ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) - All
treatments that assist in human reproduction by way of special
handling of eggs, sperm and/or embryos
EGG DONATION - The process of retrieving a human
egg from a donor and then fertilizing with sperm in the laboratory
and transferal of the embryos to the female recipient.
EMBRYO – The developing organism after
fertilization.
FALLOPIAN TUBES – The pair of tubes that
connect ovaries to the uterus and conduct the eggs to the uterus.
FERTILIZATION – The process of joining
male and female gametes (eggs & sperm) to form a new individual.
GAMETE – Male and female reproductive cells
(eggs & sperm)
GIFT (Gamete Intra-fallopian Transfer) - The
combining of collected egg and sperm with immediate placement
into the fallopian tubes to achieve fertilization
ICSI – (Intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
- A procedure whereby a single sperm is injected through the cell
wall directly into the ovum in the laboratory.
IVF – Fertilization outside of the body,
usually in a laboratory Petri dish.
IUI – Artificial insemination of prepared
sperm into the uterine cavity.
LAPAROSCOPY – A surgical procedure in which
a tiny scope is inserted into the abdomen through a small incision.
OVUM (OVA) – The female reproductive cell
produced each month by the ovary (egg).
OVARY – One of two small oval bodies situated
on either side of the uterus in which the ova (eggs) are developed
and released during ovulation.
OVULATION – The discharge of a ripened
ovum at about the midpoint of the menstrual cycle.
PGD (Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis) The
screening of embryos prior to implantation for genetic abnormalities
SPERM – The male reproductive cell, which
is produced in great numbers in the testes.
SURROGATE – A woman who is either artificially
inseminated (genetic surrogate) or undergoes IVF with donor embryo
(gestational surrogate) and carries a baby to term for others.
UTERUS – The female organ designed to lodge
and nourish the developing baby until the time of birth.
ZIFT – Zygote intra-fallopian transfer.
IVF with transfer of zygote into fallopian tube
ZYGOTE – A single diploid cell resulting
from the fusion of male and female gametes at fertilization.
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